Electricity does not exist in nature: it must therefore be produced, transforming the energy from primary sources into electricity.Electricity production in Italy still largely takes place using non-renewable sources (natural gas, coal and oil), although the development of renewable sources is constantly increasing: geothermal, hydroelectric, solar and wind energy.

In order to meet Italian energy requirements, electricity also needs to be purchased from other countries. Most of the electricity we import through the 25 interconnections with foreign countries comes from France and Switzerland.

The electricity production market is completely liberalised.

A complex network infrastructure allows the transport of electricity to the end user, through the primary substations (which transform high voltage electricity into medium voltage electricity), the secondary substations (from medium voltage to low voltage) and the transformers.
The distribution companies, operating under concessions, operate local, low-voltage electricity grids and maintain them.

Sales companies, the final segment of the market, market electricity to agriculture, industrial and tertiary enterprises and to households.